From the desk of the Supervisor

Troy's notes;
Hello again. I hope that everyone is having a great early fall. I love this time because I can sit back and read a good history book. Speaking of history, how did you do on the last quiz? I want to continue with the slavery theme and give you few points to ponder.
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1) What was the name of Jacob's 24 year old female slave listed in the 1860 Census?

2) What was the name of her son?

3) What do we think is the name of Jacob's 27 year old male slave listed in the 1860 Census?

4) Which of Jacob's sons went out west as the Civil War began?

5) Which of Jacob's sons was a accomplished mechanic and made his living in the shops?

6) Which of Jacob's sons served in the 97th VA Militia in 1861?

7) Which of Jacob's sons died at four years old?

8) What is the name of Jacob's grandson that was in the basement during the battle?

9) What is the name of Jacob's granddaughter that was in the basement during the battle?

10) When was the addition completed to the main farmhouse?

More Notes on Slavery
In August of 1619 twenty Africans were transported to Jamestown aboard a Dutch merchantman and sold as indentured servants.

In May of 1652 the Rhode Island Colony outlaws slavery but eventually this was repealed because of slavery's profitability, making Newport a major slave trading port.

The Netherlands permitted the importation of African slaves into their American colony called New Netherlands. Colonial law governed the treatment of slaves, including only government sanctioned punishments.

In 1664 Maryland mandates lifelong servitude for African slaves, irregardless to earlier English law which granted freedom to slaves who had converted to Christianity and met other requirements.

In 1667 the House of Burgesses passes a law overturning the earlier Christian conversion clause to freedom, but in 1670 they enacted a countermeasure allowing freedom for Africans who were Christians before arriving in the colonies.

In 1671 Maryland declares that any conversion is irrelevant to a slave's servitude.

The English Royal Africa Company receives a monopoly on the English slave trade in 1672.

Virginia repeals the 1670 conversion law in 1682.

In 1688 a group of Friends organized the first demonstration against slavery in Germantown, Pennsylvania.

In 1700 Bostonian Samuel Sewall publishes The Selling of Joseph, one of America's first anti-slavery tracts. Virginia mandates that slaves are considered "real estate", restricts slave travel and levies heavy penalties for miscegenation.

The South Sea Company, a British firm, is granted exclusive rights to import slaves into the Asiento in 1713. This effectively opens the trafficking of slaves into Spain's American colonies and in England's.

Black slaves in Williamsburg are granted the right to establish a separate Baptist church in 1725.

Quaker clergyman John Woolman is outspoken against the evils of slavery. He publishes a series of sermons in 1754 titled Some Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes, and is very influential in establishing Quaker dissent.

General George Washington was initially against recruiting slaves or free blacks into the Continental Army. It is only when the deposed Royal governor offers freedom to slaves fighting for the King , that General Washington reverses his decision and allows an estimated 5,000 people into the service.

Thomas Jefferson's first draft of the Declaration of Independence included an incendiary charge that King George was responsible for the slave trade which prevented the colonists from outlawing it. It was deleted because of pressure from the Southerners and merchants from New England.

In 1777 Vermont abolishes all slavery within its borders and later enters the Union as free state.

The Pennsylvania legislature votes in 1780 to gradually abolish slavery within its borders.

In 1783 the Massachusetts Supreme Court abolishes slavery. In Virginia that same year, all slaves who served in the Continental Army are granted their freedom. By the end of that year the slave trade is banned by all northern states.

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Answers: 1) Mary, 2) Israel, 3) Joseph, 4) Frank, 5) Harrison, 6) Anderson, 7) Abram, 8) William, 9) Sarah Caroline "Carrie", 10) 1852